Thursday, August 15, 2013

Orbital Speed

XKCD has recent discussed orbital speed over at What If? using the International Space Station (low earth orbit, traveling about 8 km/sec) as as reference:


The ISS moves so quickly that if you fired a rifle bullet from one end of a football field, the International Space Station could cross the length of the field before the bullet traveled 10 yards.
Although this discussion of relative velocity compared to a traveling bullet is interesting, there is one further aspect of firearms not explored here but helpful to an appreciation of the tremendous speeds involved in attaining orbit:

At 8 km/sec, the ISS would cross the 100 yard (91.44 m) field in about about .011 seconds, or 11 ms.

On a Mauser or Springfield 1903 infantry rifle, the lock time (time from trigger pull to primer strike) is about 5-6 ms.

This means that if you could fully pull the trigger at the exact instant the ISS began its run down the field, the ISS would reach midfield before the firing pin even touched the bullet's primer.